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Imperial Expansion and the Formation of Treaty-Based Order in Southeast Asia

From the fifteenth century onward, European maritime expansion fundamentally transformed Southeast Asia into a crucial node of global trade linking the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. This transformation was not merely geographical but also structural, as regional economies

South Korea’s Harder Line on Israel Amid Energy Shock

A new diplomatic tension has emerged between South Korea and Israel in recent days. It began after President Lee Jae-myung publicly criticized Israel on social media over alleged human rights violations, sharing a video and drawing comparisons to historical atrocities such as

New Korea-India Relations: Strategic Investment as Absolute Necessity

The future of South Korea–India relations will depend less on diplomatic rhetoric than on the political economy of investment. For more than a decade, Seoul has regarded the revision of the Korea–India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) as the principal