The South Caucasus and the wider Caspian region are experiencing a period of rapid geopolitical transformation shaped by shifting power balances, regional connectivity projects, energy diplomacy, and increasing competition among global and regional actors. Recent developments surrounding the Middle Corridor,
Historical Context and Structural FoundationsThe decades of the 1960s and 1970s marked a critical turning point in the evolution of the Middle East. During this period, Israel underwent profound transformation, achieving decisive military victories while also facing internal political tensions,
IntroductionBilateral social security agreements are essential in today’s globalized world to guarantee expatriates’ welfare, facilitate international labor mobility, and promote global cooperation. They prevent migrant workers from paying social security contributions in two countries at the same time, coordinate the
The Myth of the Multipolar Buffer in a Bipolar RealityFor a diverse, geographically dispersed array of middle powers spanning from the institutional, regulatory corridors of Brussels to the dynamic, diplomatic hubs of Jakarta and Singapore, the absolute defining strategic puzzle
President Lee Jae-myung’s April 2026 state visit to Vietnam was framed by a rare symmetry of diplomatic timing. General Secretary To Lam had been the first state guest received by the Lee administration in Seoul; Lee, in turn, became the
Armenia’s emerging artificial intelligence (AI) sector should be understood not as a sudden technological success story, but as a late attempt to overcome a long cycle of post-Soviet economic narrowing. After independence, Armenia experienced a sharp process of deindustrialization. The
Italy’s Entry into the Belt and Road Initiative: Expectations and ControversiesOn March 22, 2019, Italy became the first G7 country to sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with China to participate in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This decision,
India’s government-owned company, India Ports Global Limited (IPGL), has suspended its involvement in developing the Chabahar ocean port in south-eastern Iran, transferring its remaining financial commitment to Tehran. This follows the reimposition of sanctions against Chabahar on September 29, 2025
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s official visit to Azerbaijan on 4 May 2026 formalized the transformation of relations between Rome and Baku from a conventional diplomatic relationship into a comprehensive and multidimensional strategic partnership. At a time when Europe is
The release of Japan’s 2026 Diplomatic Bluebook and Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s subsequent declaration on constitutional revision represent more than just a change in wording; they signal a fundamental pivot in the Tokyo-Beijing-Washington triangle. For decades, Japan’s foreign policy was